Uhlaziyo: U-Apple ukhankanye uhlolo lwesibini lweseva, kwaye inkampani yombono wekhompyuter yobuchwephesha yachaza ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba le nto inokuchazwa njani "Indlela uhlolo lwesibini olunokusebenza ngayo" ngezantsi.
Emva kokuba abaphuhlisi babuyisela umva iinxalenye zayo zobunjineli, inguqulelo yokuqala yenkqubo ye-Apple CSAM iye yaqhathwa ngokufanelekileyo ukuphawula umfanekiso omsulwa.Nangona kunjalo, i-Apple ithe inezikhuselo ezongezelelweyo zokuthintela oku kungenzeki kubomi bokwenyani.
Uphuhliso lwamva nje lwenzekile emva kokuba i-algorithm ye-NeuralHash ipapashwe kwiwebhusayithi yomphuhlisi ovulekileyo we-GitHub, nabani na unokuzama ngayo…
Zonke iinkqubo ze-CSAM zisebenza ngokungenisa uvimba wedatha yezinto ezaziwayo zokuxhaphazwa ngokwesondo kwabantwana kwimibutho efana neZiko leSizwe laBantwana abalahlekileyo nabaSebenzisiweyo (NCMEC).I-database inikezelwa ngendlela ye-hashes okanye iminwe yedijithali evela kwimifanekiso.
Nangona uninzi lwezigebenga zetekhnoloji ziskena iifoto ezifakwe efini, i-Apple isebenzisa i-algorithm ye-NeuralHash kwi-iPhone yomthengi ukuvelisa ixabiso le-hash lefoto egciniweyo, emva koko iyithelekise nekopi ekhutshelweyo yexabiso le-CSAM le-hash.
Izolo, umphuhlisi ubanga ukuba uye wayibuyisela umva i-algorithm ye-Apple kwaye wakhulula ikhowudi kwi-GitHub-eli bango liqinisekiswe ngokufanelekileyo yi-Apple.
Kwiiyure nje ezimbalwa emva kokuba i-GitHib ikhululwe, abaphandi basebenzise ngempumelelo i-algorithm ukwenza ubuxoki obungabom bobuxoki-imifanekiso emibini eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo evelise ixabiso elifanayo le-hashi.Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukungqubana.
Kwiinkqubo ezinjalo, kusoloko kukho umngcipheko wokungqubana, kuba i-hash ngokuqinisekileyo ngumboniso owenziwe lula kakhulu womfanekiso, kodwa kuyamangalisa ukuba umntu unokuvelisa umfanekiso ngokukhawuleza.
Ungquzulwano ngabom apha bubungqina bengqiqo.Abaphuhlisi abanakho ukufikelela kwi-database ye-CSAM ye-hash, eya kufuna ukudalwa kwezinto zobuxoki kwi-real-time system, kodwa ingqina ukuba ukuhlaselwa kwe-collision kulula ngokomgaqo.
I-Apple yaqinisekisa ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba i-algorithm isisiseko senkqubo yayo, kodwa yaxelela ibhodi yomama ukuba le ayisiyiyo inguqulelo yokugqibela.Inkampani iphinde yathi ayizange izimisele ukuyigcina iyimfihlo.
U-Apple uxelele i-Motherboard kwi-imeyile ukuba inguqulelo ehlalutywe ngumsebenzisi kwi-GitHub yinguqulelo yegeneric, hayi inguqulelo yokugqibela esetyenziselwa ukufunyanwa kwe-iCloud Photo CSAM.UApple uthe ikwabhengeze i-algorithm.
"I-algorithm ye-NeuralHash [...] yinxalenye yekhowudi yenkqubo yokusebenza esayiniweyo [kunye] nabaphandi bokhuseleko banokuqinisekisa ukuba ukuziphatha kwayo kuhambelana nenkcazo," wabhala uxwebhu lwe-Apple.
Inkampani yaqhubeka yathi kukho amanyathelo amabini angakumbi: ukuqhuba inkqubo yesibini (eyimfihlo) ehambelanayo kwiseva yayo, kunye nokuphononongwa ngesandla.
U-Apple uphinde wathi emva kokuba abasebenzisi bephumelele umda we-30-umdlalo, i-algorithm yesibini engeyiyo yoluntu esebenza kwiiseva ze-Apple iya kukhangela iziphumo.
"Le hash ezimeleyo yakhethwa ukukhaba ukuba kungenzeka ukuba i-NeuralHash enempazamo ihambelana nedatha efihliweyo ye-CSAM kwisixhobo ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwemifanekiso engeyiyo ye-CSAM kwaye yogqitha umda ohambelanayo."
UBrad Dwyer waseRoboflow ufumene indlela yokwahlula ngokulula phakathi kwemifanekiso emibini ethunyelwe njengobungqina bengcamango yohlaselo lokungqubana.
Ndinomdla wokuba le mifanekiso ijongeka njani kwi-CLIP yento efanayo kodwa eyahlukileyo ye-neural extractor OpenAI.I-CLIP isebenza ngokufanayo kwi-NeuralHash;ithatha umfanekiso kwaye isebenzisa inethiwekhi ye-neural ukuvelisa iseti yeempawu zevektha ezibonisa imephu kumxholo womfanekiso.
Kodwa inethiwekhi ye-OpenAI yahlukile.Yimodeli eqhelekileyo enokwenza imephu phakathi kwemifanekiso kunye nokubhaliweyo.Oku kuthetha ukuba sinokuyisebenzisa ukukhupha ulwazi lomfanekiso oluqondakalayo lomntu.
Ndibalekise imifanekiso emibini yokungqubana apha ngasentla nge-CLIP ukubona ukuba ibikhohlisiwe na.Impendulo emfutshane yile: hayi.Oku kuthetha ukuba i-Apple kufuneka ikwazi ukusebenzisa inethiwekhi ye-extractor yesibini (efana ne-CLIP) kwimifanekiso ye-CSAM echongiweyo ukufumanisa ukuba iyinyani okanye ayiyonyani.Kunzima kakhulu ukwenza imifanekiso ekhohlisa iinethiwekhi ezimbini ngaxeshanye.
Ekugqibeleni, njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngaphambili, imifanekiso iphononongwa ngesandla ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba ziyi-CSAM.
Umphandi wezokhuseleko uthe ekuphela komngcipheko wokwenyani kukuba nabani na ofuna ukucaphukisa i-Apple unokubonelela ngemibono yobuxoki kubaphononongi babantu.
"I-Apple ngokwenene iyile le nkqubo, ngoko ke umsebenzi we-hash awufuni ukuba ugcinwe uyimfihlo, kuba ekuphela kwento onokuyenza nge-'non-CSAM njenge-CSAM' kukucaphukisa iqela lokuphendula lika-Apple ngemifanekiso engcolileyo de basebenzise izihluzo zokuphelisa. Uhlalutyo Ezo nkunkuma zikwimibhobho ziziphumo zobuxoki, ”uNicholas Weaver, umphandi ophezulu kwiZiko leSayensi yeKhompyutha yaMazwe ngaMazwe kwiYunivesithi yaseCalifornia, eBerkeley, uxelele i-Motherboard kwincoko ye-Intanethi.
Ukuba nezinto eziyimfihlo kungumba oxhalabisayo kwihlabathi lanamhlanje.Landela zonke iingxelo ezinxulumene nobumfihlo, ukhuseleko, njl. kwizikhokelo zethu.
UBen Lovejoy ngumbhali wezobugcisa waseBritane kunye nomhleli we-EU we9to5Mac.Uyaziwa ngamakholomu akhe kunye namanqaku edayari, ephonononga amava akhe ngeemveliso ze-Apple ngokuhamba kwexesha ukuze afumane uphononongo olubanzi.Ukwabhala iinoveli, kukho ezimbini ezothusayo zobugcisa, iifilim ezimbalwa ezimfutshane zezesayensi kunye ne-rom-com!
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-20-2021