Njengokwenzeka rhoqo kwe-myopic, zonke iintlobo zeeglasi ze-myopic zivela ngokungapheliyo, ke umbala utshintshe njani iiglasi ze-myopic ibe yingxaki ekhathalelwa ngumntu wonke.Ngenxa yokuba i-discoloration myopia glasses ibonakala ilungile, ngoko lukhetho lwezigulane ezininzi ze-myopic, ezingezantsi kwiiglasi ze-myopia eziguquguqukayo ukuba zikwazise njani ngokweenkcukacha.
I-photochromic lens yenziwe ngokongeza inani elifanelekileyo lebromide yesilivere kunye ne-copper oxide micrograins kwiglasi eqhelekileyo.Xa ibekwe ekukhanyeni okunamandla, ibromide eyisilivere iyaqhekeka ibe yisilivere kunye nebromine.Iinkozo ezincinci zesilivere ezibolayo zinika iglasi umbala omdaka omnyama.Xa ukukhanya kwakuba luzizi, isilivere kunye nebromine zaye zenziwa yicopper oxide ukuze zenze ibromide esilivere kwakhona.Ngenxa yoko, umbala weelensi waba lula kwakhona.
Isitayile esigqithisileyo "i-photochromic lens" kunye "neelensi zelanga ezipolarized"
Ifanele bonke abantu, kubandakanywa nabantu abangaboni kakuhle
Okokuqala, i-lens yenziwe ngeglasi enemibala
Iglasi etshintsha umbala xa ikhanyiswe kukukhanya kobude obufanelekileyo kwaye ibuyisele umbala wayo woqobo xa umthombo wokukhanya ususiwe.Ikwabizwa ngokuba yiglasi yefotochromic okanye iglasi yombala okhanyayo.Iglasi yokutshintsha umbala yenziwa ngokongeza izinto ezinombala okhanyayo kwimathiriyeli ekrwada yeglasi.Esi sixhobo sineemolekyuli ezimbini ezahlukeneyo okanye imo ye-electronic structure, kummandla wokukhanya obonakalayo kukho i-coefficient yokufunxa ezimbini ezahlukeneyo, phantsi kwesenzo sokukhanya, inokutshintsha ukusuka kwesinye isakhiwo ukuya kolunye uhlobo lwesakhiwo, unobangela wokuguqulwa kombala oguqulwayo, oqhelekileyo uqulethe isilivere. iglasi yombala we-halide, i-aluminium kwiglasi ye-sodium borate ukongeza inani elincinci le-halide yesilivere (i-AgX) njengesivalisi, Emva kokongeza umkhondo wobhedu kunye ne-cadmium ion njenge-sensitizer, iglasi iyadityaniswa kwaye iphathwe ngobushushu obufanelekileyo ukwenza isilivere. ihalide igxininise ibe ngamasuntswana.Xa ilayitiwe kukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet okanye iliza elifutshane lokukhanya okubonakalayo, ii-ion zesilivere ziyancitshiswa zibe ziiathom zesilivere, kwaye inani leeathom zesilivere ziqokelelana kwi-colloid ukwenza umbala weglasi;Xa ukukhanya kuyeka, iiathom zesilivere ziba ion zesilivere kwaye ziphele phantsi kokukhanya kwemitha ye-thermal okanye ukukhanya okude kwamaza (obomvu okanye i-infrared).
Iglasi ye-Silver halide yokutshintsha umbala akulula ukukhathala, emva kokutshintsha okungaphezulu kwe-300,000 ekukhanyeni nasemthunzini, ayikaphumeleli, yinto eqhelekileyo yokwenza iiglasi eziguqula umbala.Iglasi yokutshintsha umbala ingasetyenziselwa ukugcina ulwazi kunye nokubonisa, ukuguqulwa komfanekiso, ukulawula ukukhanya kunye nokulungelelanisa.
Okwesibini, umgaqo wokutshintsha umbala
Iiglasi apho i-lens itshintsha ngokuzenzekelayo umbala njengoko kutshintsha ukukhanya kwe-ambient.Igama elipheleleyo leglasi zephotochromic, ezaziwa ngokuba ziiglasi ezinombala okhanyayo.Umbala welensi uba mnyama kwaye ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kuncipha xa i-lens ikhanyiselwa yi-ultraviolet kunye nokukhanya okufutshane kwamaza okukhanya phantsi kwelanga.Kwilensi yangaphakathi okanye emnyama ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kuyanda, kufiphale ukubuyisela umbono.I-photochromism ye-lens izenzekelayo kwaye ibuyiselwa umva.Iiglasi ezitshintsha umbala zinokuhlengahlengisa ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya ngokutshintsha kombala welensi, ukuze iliso lomntu likwazi ukuziqhelanisa nokutshintsha kokukhanya kwendalo, ukunciphisa ukudinwa okubonakalayo, ukukhusela amehlo.Ilensi yeChromic chromic phambi kokuba yahlulwe ngaphandle kombala wesiseko kunye nombala okhanyayo uneentlobo ezimbini zombala wesiseko;Umbala emva kokutshintsha kombala ngokwesiseko unengwevu, bhityile iindidi ezimbini.
Ngowe-1964 Inkampani yeCorning Glass yenza iglasi yephotochromic.Ngoku, abona benzi behlabathi behlabathi belensi yeglasi ejikiweyo engenanto yi-United States ne-France inkampani yeglasi ye-corning, i-Germany Schott Group inkampani yeglasi ekhethekileyo kunye nenkampani yase-UK Chance Pilkington.I-Beijing, i-China, kunye nabanye abavelisi bavelisa umbala-ukutshintsha iilensi.
I-lens ye-chromic iqulethe i-halide yesilivere (i-chloride yesilivere, i-bromide yesilivere) i-microcrystals.Xa ibonakaliswe ekukhanyeni okusebenzayo okufana nokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet okanye ukukhanya okufutshane kokukhanya okubonakalayo, i-halide ion ikhupha ii-electron, ezithi zibanjwe yi-ion yesilivere, kwaye oku kulandelayo kwenzeka:
I-halide yesilivere engenambala iyaqhekeka ibe yi-athom yesilivere e-opaque kunye nee-athom ze-halogen ezicacileyo, ezifunxa ukukhanya kwaye zenze ilensi icace gca.Ekubeni i-halogen ekwilensi yokuguquguquka ayibaleki, ukusabela okubuyisela umva kunokwenzeka.Emva kokuba ukukhanya okusebenzayo kususiwe, isilivere kunye ne-halogen iphinda ihlanganiswe ukuze ibuyisele i-lens kwindawo yayo yokuqala ecacileyo, engenambala okanye enemibala ekhanyayo.Umxholo we-silver halide micrograins malunga ne-4×I-1015 / cm3, ububanzi bumalunga ne-80 ~ 150, kwaye umgama ophakathi phakathi kwamasuntswana malunga ne-600. Iimpawu ze-photochromic ze-discoloration lens zichazwe ngobumnyama - ukubuyisela ijika lempawu (jonga umfanekiso).I-TO yindlela yokuqala yokudluliselwa kweglasi yelensi phambi kokuba sesichengeni, kwaye iTD kukuhanjiswa kwelensi kwi-550nm wavelength emva kokuvezwa kwi-5.× 104Lx isibane xenon imizuzu 15.I-THF sisiqingatha sexesha lokubuyisela, oko kukuthi, ixesha elifunekayo ukuze ukuhanjiswa kwelensi eguqulwe umbala kwakhona emva kokuyeka.Umgangatho ophezulu wokutshintsha umbala we-lens kufuneka ubonakale, ungafaki umbala we-emulsifying kunye ne-luster, ixesha lokubuyisela isiqingatha lifutshane, ukubuyiswa ngokukhawuleza.I-original transmittance ye-chromic lens ngaphandle kombala ophambili malunga ne-90%.Ukuhanjiswa kwantlandlolo kweelensi zekhromatic ezinombala ophambili kunokuba sezantsi ukuya kuma-60 ~ 70%.Ukuhanjiswa kombala weglasi yelanga jikelele etshintsha i-lens iyehla ukuya kuma-20 ukuya kuma-30% emva kokukhanya kombala.Uhlobo olukhululekileyo lwelensi yokutshintsha kombala alukho nzulu, luba luzizi ukukhanya emva kokudluliselwa malunga nama-40 ~ 50%.
Isithathu, inkqubo yemveliso
Iiglasi eziguquguqukayo zisebenzisa iglasi eguquguqukayo ngokwendlela eyakhiwe ngayo yahlulwe yaba yiglasi eguquguqukayo ye-borosilicate kunye neglasi ye-aluminiyam yephosphate eguqula umbala.I-China, i-United States, iJamani kunye nezinye iglasi ze-borosilicate, i-United Kingdom isebenzisa iglasi ye-aluminium phosphate.
Ukuveliswa kokutshintsha umbala kwiglasi yeglasi engenanto ibandakanya ukulungiswa kwekhompawundi, ukunyibilika kweglasi, ukucofa ukubumba kunye nonyango lobushushu.Inkqubo eqhubekayo yokunyibilika isetyenziswa ekunyibilikeni kweglasi engatshintshiyo emhlabeni, kwaye kukho iindlela ezimbini zokunyibilika kweplatinam enye kunye nokunyibilika okuqhubekayo eTshayina.Emva kokuba i-lens yokutshintsha umbala icinezelwe kwimilo, unyango lobushushu kufuneka lwenziwe phantsi kolawulo olungqongqo lobushushu ukwenza isigaba seglasi sahlukane kwaye silawulwe ukuvelisa inani elikhulu le-halide microcrystals echithwayo kunye nesilivere ecolekileyo, enika i-lens photochromism.
Isine, ukuveliswa kwezinto
Iglasi equlathe ibromidi yesilivere (okanye isilivere yechloride) kunye ne-copper oxide yomkhondo luhlobo lweglasi etshintshayo umbala, xa ibekwe kukukhanya kwelanga okanye kwimitha yeultraviolet, ibromide yesilivere iyenzeka ukubola, iiathom zesilivere (AgBr==Ag+Br), amandla eathom yesilivere ukutsala ukukhanya okubonakalayo, xa iiathom zesilivere ziqokelelwa kwinani elithile, inxalenye eqaqambileyo kwiglasi ifunxwe, Iglasi yeglasi engenambala ekuqaleni iba yifilimu ngalo mzuzu, xa iglasi ingena ebumnyameni, emva kokutshintsha kombala phantsi kwe-catalysis yobhedu. i-oksidi, isilivere kunye ne-athomu ye-bromine inokudibanisa ibe yi-bromide yesilivere (Ag + Br = = AgBr), ngenxa yokuba i-ion zesilivere azikufumani ukukhanya okubonakalayo, ngoko iglasi iya kuba nemibala, ibonakale, lo ngumgaqo osisiseko wombala weglasi.
Yenza iglasi yefestile kunye neglasi yokutshintsha umbala, inokwenza ukukhanya okudlulayo phantsi kwelanga elitshisayo kube yintsini kwaye ibe nemvakalelo epholileyo, iglasi yokutshintsha umbala nayo ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza i-lens yelanga, ibe yimibala yokutshintsha izibuko zamehlo kule nto.
Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo, uvavanyo lwe-photometric kuphela oluhambelana ngokuchanekileyo aluyi kubangela ingozi kwiso, kodwa ngenxa yokuba ukusetyenziswa komntu ngamnye kweso akufani, ngoko musa ukukumela ngeeglasi emva kokuba i-diopter ayiyi kwanda.Umbala wemarike yelensi ye-myopic ubukhulu becala ngumaleko wefilimu wokuguga kunye nesiseko sefilim ukujika kombala kwiindidi ezimbini, umahluko kukuba ifilimu itshintsha isantya sokusabela ngokukhawuleza, akukho mahluko wombala, ixabiso libiza kancinane.Isantya se-substrate siyacotha, ukuba iqondo lasekhohlo nasekunene aliyi kubonakala umahluko wombala, kodwa elifikelelekayo, ixesha elide lokusebenzisa.Ukuba i-stained, ayikhuthazwa ukuba igqoke ixesha elide.
Guqula umbala weeglasi ze-myopic zisetyenziswe ngokulula ngakumbi, azidingi iiglasi zelanga ezikhethekileyo, zizibuko zelanga zesigulane se-myopic.Nangona kunjalo, kuthatha ixesha ukutshintsha umbala, ongafanelekanga kwiindawo apho ukukhanya kutshintsha ngokukhawuleza kwaye akunakutshintshwa ngokusisigxina.Ubude be-myopia kunye nomntu onomahluko omkhulu weqondo lamehlo amabini akufanele ahambelane nokutshintsha umbala.
Kuthekani ngeeglasi ze-myopia eziguquguqukayo?Ngokwenyani utshintshe umbala weglasi zemyopic kunye nezingenambala ezifanayo, aziyi kwenza isidanga samehlo sinzulu ngenxa yokuthatha umbala, nxiba iiglasi ukuze ufune ukunikela ingqalelo kwezo nkcukacha ngakumbi kuphela, ungaxoki umzekelo, funda incwadi, bukela iTV kwaye usebenzise ikhompyuter ukuya kuthi ga ngoku. Ngokunokwenzeka ungathembeli ngokusondele kakhulu, kungenjalo idigri ye-myopic nayo iyakwazi ukujula ngokucothayo.
Saw ngasentla "ukutshintsha umbala weeglasi ze-myopia njani" yazisa, kholelwa ukuba uyaqonda ngandlel 'ithile ukutshintsha umbala weeglasi ze-myopia.Khumbuza, ngeeglasi ze-myopia kufuneka uye kwisebe le-optometry eliqhelekileyo, ukuze ungenzi iimpazamo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-04-2021